Method of laying foundations of structures, buildings, and the like



Jan. 7, 1930. o. STERN 1,742,423

METHOD OF LAYING FOUNDATIONS 0F STRUCTURES, BUILDINGS, AND THE LIKE Original Filed Jan. 21, 1926 a2 as a af c a? Patented Jan. 7, 1930 UNTD STATES PATENT orrica OTTOKAR STERN, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

METHOD or Larme rouunArIoNs or sruuqruans, BUILDINGS, Anny funnV Lrxn Qrignal application led January 2l, 1926, Serial No. 82,792, now

1928, and in Austria January 24, 1925. Divided and This invention relates to an improved method of laying foundations of struc-tures, buildings and the like. and essentially consists in that, according to a certain scheme, stand- 5 ardized foundationmembersoflike shape and size are rammed into the ground to the same dei th and thereafter in accordance with the resistances met within the ground, a foun- 1' dation member (differential member) of suitable length is sunk into the ground to such aV depth, that, together with its group of standardized foundation members, it yields a total resistance, which is greater than the Y load of the building or structure accorded to J this group of foundation members.

In this manner it is possible to produce foundations in the most simple manner, without any previous examination of the ground,

m because it is necessary only to suitably dis- 'J tribute individual foundation members (differential members) according to the experience gained when sinking the standardized foundation members.

One mode of carrying out the method ac- J cording to the present invention is illustrated diagrammatically in the drawing:

F ig. l is a cross section showing applicants invention in its relation to the surface of the o ground. Fig. 2 is a plan View of Fig. 1. Y "o The dash-dotted line m-n designates the extent of an ordinary wall-foundation and the steps show the different specic compressibility of the soil or of the different weights g of the building. al, a2, a3, a4, a5, a and a? are J standardized foundation members, which are rammed into the soil, and A1, A2, AS, A4, A5, A6 and A7 designate foundation members, which are sunk deeper into the ground according to requirement. R designates a grat- 3 ing, placed on top of the foundation members after the sinking into the ground of the latter and on which the building is erected.

A chart, calculated according to suitable ramming formulas, serves as an aid for carf rying out the method and from this Chart can be read olf the degrees of penetration resistances encountered according to the weight 0f the ram and the lift thereof. For the sake of an easier understanding it is imagined, that the grating transfers the weight of the Patent'No. 1,681,689, dated August 21.,

is termed that part of the weightlyingin the space betweenV two foundation members axes; The second foundationmember A1, which is again followed by a standardized foundation member al, is sunk to such a depth, that ve.

third times the penetrationresistanceis'obtained as in the event of the foundation memberal. In this manner-the group of the cones al, A1 andal'yields atotal penetration re- ++=3 times the specific building weight. Such groups are alsoV formed by the foundation members a2, A2, a2; a3, A3, 033; a4, A4, a4t and so forth. Iflthe specificbuilding weight increases in one group orxif, inthe event of the foundationsoil getting worse, the penetration resistance is smaller, the compensating foundation member (diiferentialmember) is sunk deeper'down into the ground.v

Iclaimtl. A method of laying foundations of sistance, which" equals buildings, structures and the like, consisting' in forming in' the ground iny a uniform depth and distance from one another standard# sized foundation members, and disposing dierential foundation members at convenient places between. the standard-sized foundation members and of such a depth as is necessary to supplement the total load carrying capacity of the Vgroup of members.

2. A method of laying foundations for superstructures consisting of driving foundation elementsinto the ground to a uniform depth and at uniform distances apart and in providing adjacent foundation elements in the ground of a load carrying capacity determined from the penetration resistance of the ground-to. the driving of the first named foundation elements and of a value whereby this application filed December 22, 1926. Serial.'

corresponds to aboutV two-thirds of the specific building-weight, which weightV the sum of the load carrying capacities of adjacent foundation elements is such as may be desired to support the load of the superstructure and provide a factor of safety.

5 8. A method of laying foundations for superstructures consisting in driving foundation elements into the ground to a uniform depth and at uniform distances apart, and in driving differential elements adjacent said first named foundation elements, said differj ential foundation elements having when driven in the ground a load carrying capacity determined from the penetration resist-ance of the ground to the driving of the first named foundation elements and of a value whereby the sum of the load carrying capacities of the adjacent foundation elements is such as may b'e desired to support the load of the superstructure and provide a factor of safety.

4. A method of laying foundations for superstructures consisting in ramming standard sized conical foundation elements directly into the ground for a uniform depth and at suitable distances apart, thereby compressing and reinforcing the soil between the elements and applying a relatively thin grate plate at the surface for connecting the upper ends of the elements together so as to equally distribute the weight of the superstructure on the foundation. r

5. A method as claimed in claim 4f, consisting in driving the standard sized foundation elements in groups which are disposed transversely of the plate and `ramming a differential foundation element between each group of standard sized elements for reinforcing purposes, and regulating the depth -of the differential foundation elements to a point such as is necessary to supplement the '4D ltotal load carrying capacity of the groups.

3 6. A method as claimed in claim 4, consisting in determining from the depth of the standard sized element the character of the soil being reinforced, and sinking dierential '45 foundation elements between the standard sized foundation elements to such depth as is necessary to reinforce the standard sizedV elements and support the load of the superstructure.

7 A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the standard sized foundation elements are arranged very close to each other so that the grate plate has a thickness approximately equal to about one-half of the diameter of the upper end of one of the standard sized foundation elements.

8. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein during the ramming of the standard sized lfoundation elements, a test is made for determining the carrying capacity of each point of the ground which is used for the foundation so that at each point of the ground a foundation of equal resistance is obtained.

In testimony whereof I 'affix my signature.

U5 OTTOKAR STERN. 

